Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni uchitha iinyanga usenza into ekhethekileyo—ilogo yegama, isilogeni esinomtsalane, okanye ingoma yoqobo—ukubona omnye umntu eyisebenzisa njengeyakhe. Enoba wakha ishishini okanye wenza umsebenzi wobugcisa wobugcisa, imithetho yepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda ikho ukuze ukhusele umsebenzi wakho onzima kunye nobuchule bakho bokuyila.
Iimpawu zokuthengisa kunye namalungelo okushicilela ngabadlali ababini abakhulu kwesi sithuba, kodwa abantu bahlala bebhidanisa ezi zimbini. Bakhonza iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ukwazi ukuba nganye isebenza njani kunokukusindisa kwiimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu kunye namadabi asemthethweni.
Eli nqaku liza kucazulula ukuba zeziphi iimpawu kunye namalungelo okukopisha, ukuba zikhusela ntoni, ukuba ukophulwa kujongeka njani, kwaye zahluke njani. Ekugqibeleni, uya kukwazi ukukhusela izimvo zakho, indalo, kunye nesazisi sophawu.
Isiqulatho
Yintoni uphawu lwentengiso?
Ulufumana njani uphawu lokuthengisa?
Yintoni ukophulwa kophawu lwentengiso?
Yintoni ilungelo lokushicilela?
Yintoni ukophulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela?
Uphawu lwentengiso ngokuchasene nelungelo lokushicilela: Owona mahluko uphambili
1. Indlela umsebenzi okhuselwe ngayo
2. Yintoni abayikhuselayo
3. Zihlala ixesha elingakanani
4. Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo
Isishwankathelo
Yintoni uphawu lwentengiso?
Uphawu lokuthengisa (TM) yipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda ekhusela iilogo, amagama ebhrendi, iziqubulo, iisimboli, okanye uyilo olunceda ukuchonga nokwahlula iimpahla okanye iinkonzo zeshishini. Ngokusisiseko, iimpawu zokuthengisa zithintela abanye ekusebenziseni amanqaku anokudibanisa abathengi malunga nomthombo wemveliso okanye inkonzo.
Ngaphantsi koMthetho weeMpawu zoRhwebo ka-1994, iimpawu zingathatha iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nempahla okanye ukupakishwa, ezifana:
- Amagama okanye amagama
- Iileta okanye amanani
- umsindo
- Iimpawu
- imibala
- Iifom
Ukubhalisa uphawu lokuthengisa kunceda ukunqanda abanye ekusebenziseni kakubi uphawu kunye nodumo lweshishini. Nangona kunjalo, ukubhalisa ngempumelelo uphawu lwentengiso, kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno ezithile:
- Kufuneka yahluke kwaye inokuba ligama, uphawu, umfanekiso, okanye umxube.
- Akufunekanga ibe ligama eliqhelekileyo okanye igama lendawo.
- Kufuneka ibe yodwa kwaye ingafani kakhulu neempawu zorhwebo ezikhoyo.
Ulufumana njani uphawu lokuthengisa?
Ngelixa iimpawu zokuthengisa zinokusetyenziswa kwaye zikhuselwe phantsi komthetho oqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokubhaliswa, ukubhalisa uphawu lwakho lwentengiso kwi-arhente karhulumente efanelekileyo (njenge-USPTO e-United States) kunika izibonelelo zomthetho ezongezelelweyo. Ubhaliso lubonelela ngokhuseleko lwelizwe lonke, lunceda kwiingxabano zomthetho, kwaye lukuvumela ukuba usebenzise isimboli ®.
Yintoni ukophulwa kophawu lwentengiso?
Ukwaphulwa kophawu lwentengiso kwenzeka xa umntu esebenzisa uphawu olufanayo okanye ngendlela edidayo efana nophawu lwentengiso olubhalisiweyo ngaphandle kwemvume, ngakumbi ukuba ibangela ukuba abathengi benze impazamo yolunye uhlobo lolunye.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inkampani yendawo ye-sneaker iqalile ukuthengisa izicathulo ezine-logo efana ne-Nike swoosh, inokulahlekisa abathengi ukuba bacinge ukuba bathenga iimveliso ze-Nike. Ingxabano yamva nje yophawu lwentengiso ibandakanya i-Oatly (igama lehlabathi le-oat milk) ithatha umvelisi ose-UK enkundleni, ebanga igama lakhe kunye nophawu lwakhe ziyafana kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, iNkundla ePhakamileyo yaphonononga ityala kwaye yagweba ngokuchasene nophawu lwezizwe ngezizwe, iwakhaba amabango olwaphulo-mthetho lwentengiso kunye "nokudlula."
Yintoni ilungelo lokushicilela?
Ngokungafaniyo neempawu zorhwebo, ezikhusela uphawu, i-copyright ikhusela imisebenzi yoqobo yokubonakalisa ukuyila. Oku kubandakanya ubugcisa, umculo, iincwadi, iifoto, isoftware, nokunye. Ukuba ubhale inoveli, uqambe ingoma, okanye wenze umzobo, imithetho yelungelo lokushicilela iqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu wumbi unokukopa ngokusemthethweni, avelise, okanye asasaze umsebenzi wakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.
Ukukhuselwa kwelungelo lokushicilela kuyazenzekela xa nabani na esenza kwaye elungisa umsebenzi wabo ngendlela ebonakalayo. Ngelixa akukho mfuneko yokuba ubhalisele umsebenzi wakho wokhuseleko lwelungelo lokushicilela, ukwenza oko kunye neofisi yelizwe lakho lamalungelo okukopisha kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezongezelelweyo zomthetho, ngakumbi kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho.
Yintoni ukophulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela?
Ukophulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela kwenzeka xa umntu esebenzisa umsebenzi wakho woyilo ngaphandle kwemvume ngendlela enyhasha amalungelo akho akhethekileyo. Oku kuquka:
- Ukuvelisa okanye ukusasaza umsebenzi wakho ngaphandle kwemvume.
- Ukulungelelanisa umsebenzi wakho ukuze wenze umxholo ophuma ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa (umzekelo, i-remix yengoma yakho).
- Ukwenza okanye ukubonisa umsebenzi wakho esidlangalaleni ngaphandle kwelayisensi efanelekileyo.
Umzekelo: Ukuba inkampani isebenzisa ifoto ephuma kwipotfoliyo yobuchwephesha bokufota ngaphandle kwelayisensi, oko kukwaphulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela.
Uphawu lwentengiso ngokuchasene nelungelo lokushicilela: Owona mahluko uphambili
Ngelixa iimpawu zorhwebo kunye namalungelo okukopisha ekhusela ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, injongo yazo kunye nobubanzi bazo zahluke kakhulu. Nalu ulwahlulo:
1. Indlela umsebenzi okhuselwe ngayo
Iimpawu zorhwebo zibonelela ngokhuseleko olupheleleyo emva kokubhaliswa ngokusemthethweni. Ukukhusela umsebenzi wakho ngaphandle kokubhalisa kunokwenzeka, kodwa akuqinisekwanga. Ukuba ibhodi yokubhalisa ayinanjongo, iya kuqalisa inkqubo yokubhalisa, edla ngokuthatha malunga neenyanga ezine. Nje ukuba iphumelele, abanini beempawu zokuthengisa baya kuba namalungelo asemthethweni okuthintela abanye ekusebenziseni okanye ukukopa umsebenzi wabo ngaphandle kwemvume yabo.
Kwelinye icala, ilungelo lokushicilela lisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kuwe okanye kwishishini lakho xa usenza into yokuqala. Kuba inika ukhuseleko kwangoko, luluvo oluhle ukongeza uphawu lwelungelo lokushicilela (©) kuyo nantoni na abayidalayo-kuyakwenza ukukhusela umsebenzi wakho kube lula ukuba kukho umntu oyisebenzisayo ngaphandle kwemvume.
2. Yintoni abayikhuselayo
Ngelixa uphawu lwentengiso luqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntu wumbi unokusebenzisa isimboli, igama, okanye isilogeni esinokubhida abathengi malunga nemvelaphi yeempahla okanye iinkonzo, ilungelo lokushicilela linikezela ngamalungelo akhethekileyo kusetyenziso, ukuveliswa kunye nokuhanjiswa komsebenzi wokuqala wokudala. Nantsi imbonakalo ethe kratya:
Ingaba uphawu lokuthengisa lukhusela ntoni?
Iimpawu zentengiso zimalunga nesazisi sophawu. Banceda abathengi baqaphele imveliso okanye inkonzo evela kwinkampani ethile. Umzekelo, i-Nike swoosh, i-apile logo elunyiweyo ye-Apple, kunye nee-arches zegolide ze-McDonald zonke ziimpawu zorhwebo ezibonisa iimpawu zabo.
Iimpawu zokuthengisa zinokusebenza ku:
- Iilogo kunye neesimboli zegraphic.
- Amagama ebhrendi kunye namagama emveliso.
- Izilogeni, ezifana “Yenza nje” (Nike).
- Ipakethe eyodwa, eyaziwa njengelokhwe yorhwebo.
Ingaba ilungelo lokushicilela likhusela ntoni?
Ilungelo lokushicilela lisebenza kuwo nawuphi na umsebenzi wentsusa olungiswe ngendlela ebambekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umbono wakho kufuneka ubhalwe phantsi, urekhodwe, okanye ugcinwe ngendlela ethile ukuze ulungele ukukhuselwa. Umzekelo:
- Umdlalo wesikrini owubhalileyo unelungelo lokushicilela.
- Ingoma oyirekhodileyo inelungelo lokushicilela.
- Umzobo okanye ifoto oyenzileyo inelungelo lobunikazi.
Nangona kunjalo, i-copyright ayizikhuseli izimvo-kuphela indlela ethile umbono ovezwa ngayo.
3. Zihlala ixesha elingakanani
Iimpawu zentengiso aziyi kuba nomhla wokuphelelwa ukuba ngaba abaninizo bazisebenzisa ngokukhutheleyo kurhwebo kwaye bazihlaziye ngamaxesha athile. Eminye imimandla ifuna uhlaziyo rhoqo emva kweminyaka elishumi, ngelixa eminye ifuna uhlaziyo rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusilela ukuhlaziya uphawu lokuthengisa kuthetha ukuba nabani na unokuluthatha kwaye alubhalise.
Ngokuchaseneyo, amalungelo okukhuphela ahlala ixesha elide lobomi bomdali kunye neminyaka engama-70 (ubude buyohluka ngokwamazwe). Emva kweli xesha, umsebenzi ungena kwi-domain yoluntu, evumela nabani na ukuba ayisebenzise ngaphandle kwenkathazo yomthetho.
4. Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo
Omnye umahluko obalulekileyo kukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo. Iimpawu zokuthengisa zifuna ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kushishino. Isenokungasebenzi ukuba uyayeka ukusebenzisa uphawu lwakho lokuthengisa ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, i-copyright ayifuni ukusetyenziswa ngokusebenzayo. Umsebenzi wakho woyilo ukhuselwe nokuba uyawusasaza okanye awuwusabi.
Isishwankathelo
Xa ukhusela ipropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda, iimpawu zorhwebo kunye namalungelo okushicilela asebenza ngeenjongo ezahluke kakhulu. Amashishini asebenzisa iimpawu zokuthengisa ukukhusela isazisi sebrendi (iilogo, iziqubulo, okanye amagama emveliso). Abadali basebenzisa ilungelo lobunikazi ukukhusela imisebenzi yabo, enjengeengoma, iincwadi, okanye iifilimu.
Ukwazi umahluko kuqinisekisa ukuba i-brand yakho kunye ne-asethi yokuyila zikhuselekile, nokuba ukwakha ishishini, ukubhala incwadi, okanye ukwenza umsebenzi wobugcisa. Ngokusebenzisa ngempumelelo olu khuseleko, unokugxila ekukhuleni nasekuyilweni ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuphulukana nomsebenzi owusebenze nzima ukuze usebenzise kakubi okanye ubusela.
